دکتر محمدتقی فرزادفرد
فلوشیپ فوق تخصصی صرع
تازههای صرع
آخرین یافتههای علمی و مقالات منتشر شده در PubMed
Efficacy and Safety of Adjunctive Perampanel in Young Children (7-46 Months) With Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Real-World Study
Sat, 20 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: Adjunctive PER demonstrated clinically meaningful efficacy and a favorable safety profile in young children with DRE, supporting its potential role as a broad-spectrum ASM in this age group.
Post-stroke epilepsy in Saudi Arabia - frequency, management and outcomes at a comprehensive stroke center in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Post-stroke epilepsy was common in our cohort. The patients with hemorrhagic stroke were more likely to have post-stroke epilepsy compared to ischemic stroke. Generalized seizures were the commonest type of seizure. Most patients had good control at last follow up requiring only monotherapy.
Periodic and aperiodic contributions to EEG delta power are translatable and complementary Angelman syndrome biomarkers
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Aperiodic spectral features represent a translatable biomarker for Angelman syndrome. Periodic and aperiodic components of the delta phenotype show separable behavioral and developmental signatures, and their complementary use offers improved precision for biomarker-based evaluation in preclinical and clinical research.
Validating the C-PHQ-9 suicide item against the C-NDDI-E for detecting suicidal ideation in Chinese adults with epilepsy
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: Suicidal ideation is notably prevalent among adult PWE in Southeast China. Based on comparative outcomes, the C-NDDI-E suicide item demonstrates enhanced reliability over the C-PHQ-9, making it the preferable instrument for screening this specific demographic.
Attention deficit in children with developmental coordination disorder: evidence from resting state EEG
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Individuals with developmental coordination disorder (DCD) often exhibit attentional deficits, which may be detectable in resting-state electroencephalography (EEG). The present study aimed to examine resting-state EEG oscillatory activity in children with DCD. Five-minute resting-state EEG recordings were obtained from 23 children with DCD and 24 typically developing controls. Independent-samples t-tests were used to compare theta power, alpha power, and theta/beta ratios across brain regions...
Vagus nerve stimulation for refractory epilepsy: a 24-year single-center experience
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: This study showed that patients with refractory epilepsy who experience low baseline seizure frequency (< 1-2/month and < 1-2/year) received the most benefit from VNS. All patients with refractory seizures should be considered for VNS therapy but should undergo careful case selection to manage expectations and maximize seizure outcomes and medication burden.
Tumor-associated epilepsy at diagnosis in glioblastoma patients reveals an inflammatory molecular signature and is associated with better overall survival
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: TAE at diagnosis is a favorable prognostic marker in GB, defining a biologically distinct subgroup. Seizure status modifies the prognostic effect of surgical resection, underscoring the importance of GTR particularly in patients presenting with TAE.
Correction to: USP25 in genetic generalized epilepsy: a gene under scrutiny
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Epilepsy characteristics and outcomes in patients with pleomorphic xanthoastrocytomas
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Most patients with PXA-associated tumor-related epilepsy achieved seizure freedom after initial resection. Seizure recurrence was strongly associated with tumor recurrence at long-term follow up. ATRX loss was associated with seizure freedom at the most recent follow up, suggesting that tumor molecular features may help prognosticate epilepsy outcomes. Nearly one-third of patients had previously unrecognized focal seizures highlighting the importance of a detailed, anatomically...
Tranexamic Acid-Induced Seizure After Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Case Report
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Tranexamic acid (TXA) is a risk factor for perioperative seizures following cardiac surgery. However, its clinical diagnosis is difficult because these signs are masked by anesthetics and muscle relaxants. In this case, a direct temporal association between high-dose TXA administration and seizure onset was confirmed using intraoperative electroencephalography (EEG) and central venous oxygen saturation (ScvO2) changes.This case demonstrates that seizures can be triggered immediately after...
Hyperkinetic Seizures in Insular and Insulo-Opercular Seizure Onset: A Systematic Review
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
ObjectiveTo describe demographics, semiology, etiology, and clinical features in individuals with insulo-opercular and pure insular onset presenting with hyperkinetic seizures (HKS).MethodsUnder PRISMA guidelines, Embase, PubMed, Medline, and Cochrane were searched for articles between 1969 and January 10, 2025, using terms for hyperkinetic/hypermotor seizures, insular epilepsy, sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy, nocturnal paroxysmal dyskinesia/dystonia, nocturnal frontal lobe epilepsy, and...
Automatic Seizure Detection using Hierarchical Spectral-Temporal Feature Learning with an Imbalance-Aware Transformer
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Epilepsy manifests as a chronic neurological condition marked by recurrent seizures. Recent advances in computational analysis of Electroencephalography (EEG) signals have enabled new possibilities for identifying ictal events in extended recordings. This work develops a novel deep learning architecture that simultaneously resolves two fundamental challenges in automated seizure detection: comprehensive feature representation and class distribution imbalance. First, a multibranch neural network...
Qualitative EEG morphology predicts early Antiseizure medication response in newly diagnosed epilepsy: A prospective cohort study
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: In well-defined electroclinical syndromes, qualitative IED morphology appears to provide additional prognostic information regarding early ASM response. These findings suggest that EEG morphology may complement syndrome-based assessment and that variability in spike and sharp-wave morphology may reflect underlying electrophysiological heterogeneity extending beyond fixed syndrome labels, supporting further investigation using standardized morphology analysis in larger, controlled...
High-frequency oscillations and sleep spindles in epilepsy: from mechanisms to modeling
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
High-frequency oscillations (HFOs) and sleep spindles are key neural rhythms in non-rapid eye movement (NREM) sleep with significance for information processing and epilepsy research. This review summarizes the neurophysiological basis of HFOs and spindles, with emphasis on cross-frequency coupling and its pathological alterations in epilepsy. Cross-frequency coupling reflects spatiotemporal coordination within thalamocortical-hippocampal networks and may serve as an electrophysiological marker...
Transcriptional signatures of the cortical morphometric similarity network gradient in left temporal lobe epilepsy with different seizure symptoms
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: FBTCS+ TLE is associated with distinct MS network gradient alterations, which may reflect underlying molecular mechanisms contributing to structural changes linked to severe seizure symptoms.
Effective Connectivity-based Unsupervised Channel Selection Method for Electroencephalography
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: The results showed consistent improvements and a significant reduction in the number of electrodes selected for all participants. Compared to state-of-the-art methods, our approach achieved the highest accuracies: 82% (13 out of 22 channels), 86.01% (29 out of 59 channels), and 87.56% (48 out of 118 channels) across all three datasets.
Case Report: Tocilizumab in pediatric febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: Now little has been known about the administration of tocilizumab in pediatric FIRES. We posit that early administration of tocilizumab (within 3 weeks from disease onset) positively impacts the treatment of FIRES.
A weighted multi-scale attention-enhanced temporal convolutional network for motor imagery EEG decoding in brain-computer interfaces
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Accurate decoding of motor imagery electroencephalogram signals plays a critical role in brain-computer interfaces for neurorehabilitation and assistive technologies. However, existing multi-scale temporal methods often overlook scale-specific importance and fail to jointly capture transient and long-term neural dynamics, we propose a Weighted Multi-scale Attention-enhanced Temporal Convolutional Network (WMA-TCNet). The model employs parallel multi-scale temporal convolutions to capture neural...
Therapeutic drug monitoring of lacosamide as add-on treatment in a neonate with therapy-resistant epilepsy due to SCN2A mutation: a case report
Fri, 19 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: In specific cases in the neonatal population, lacosamide is safe and well tolerated and should be considered as a treatment option under strict surveillance of serum trough levels and cardiac monitoring. Higher doses might be needed to achieve a therapeutic serum trough level. Further research is needed to generalize these results and develop adjusted dose guidelines in the neonatal population.
A multiscale spatio-temporal convolutional attention network for depressive disorder diagnosis via coarse-grained signal reconstruction based on EEG
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Depression disorder (DD) is a common mental disorder and a leading contributor to the global burden of disease. However, accurate diagnosis remains challenging due to the reliance of conventional approaches on subjective assessments. To address this limitation, this study proposes a Multiscale Spatio-temporal Convolutional Attention Network (MSTANet) for EEG-based depression detection. The proposed framework integrates multiscale coarse-grained signal reconstruction with localized...
Fronto-Parietal EEG asymmetry interactions predict negative attention bias: A secondary data analysis
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Attention bias (AB), the excessive attentional selection of certain stimuli over others, is found in individuals suffering from depression. Similarly, alpha asymmetries, the lateralization of inhibitory cortical activity in the EEG alpha band (8-13 Hz) have been linked to depression and motivational direction. By contrasting novel and more reliable AB metrics against alpha asymmetries in an exploratory data analysis, we aimed to examine whether hemispheric differences are associated with AB...
Cardiac effects of one-year levetiracetam monotherapy in children with genetic generalized epilepsy: a prospective longitudinal study
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: In this prospective pediatric cohort of children with genetic generalized epilepsy, one year of levetiracetam monotherapy was not associated with adverse electrocardiographic or echocardiographic changes. These findings support a favorable cardiac safety profile of levetiracetam during one year of monotherapy in this pediatric population.
EEG activities and connectivities associated with surtitle presentation during live opera viewing: an exploratory analysis of cognitive absorption
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Characterizing brain activities underlying text availability in an ecologically valid context and identifying whether aspects of these activities are influenced by one's state of cognitive absorption (CA) are important yet unexplored lines of research in cognitive neuroscience. This study investigated the oculometric behavior and electroencephalographic (EEG) activities during periods with vs. without surtitle presentation in 25 human subjects while they viewed a live theatrical stage...
Refining risk stratification and understanding epilepsy severity in adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities: Author reply to commentary
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Comment on "Risk factors of epilepsy severity in institutionalized adults with profound intellectual and multiple disabilities from childhood"
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Facial bromoderma in an infant with refractory epilepsy
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Psychomotor Vigilance Test Correlates with Obstructive Sleep Apnea-Related Current Sleepiness and EEG Activation
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Beta event-related synchronization after muscle contraction is modulated by voluntary movement patterns: An EEG and MEG study
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Beta-band event-related synchronization (βERS) in the contralateral sensorimotor cortex is induced by voluntary movement and somatosensory input, suggesting its deep involvement in afferent information processing, but the precise generative mechanisms require further investigation. This study examined the contributions of joint movement to βERS following self-paced voluntary movement. The βERS was recorded from 15 healthy adults while performing a task involving contraction of the right extensor...
Cognitive safety after magnetic seizure therapy: from group differences to patient-level risk
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Defining seizure freedom in epilepsy: a pragmatic literature review
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: No consensus exists regarding how seizure freedom is operationalized and reported within clinical trials and regulatory and HTA evaluations. This pragmatic literature review highlights substantial variability in definitions and measurement approaches across these contexts. The findings will be used to inform a Delphi panel exercise aimed at building expert consensus on how seizure freedom should be defined and applied in clinical trials, regulatory, and HTA settings.
Overexpression effects of 4.1B protein on epilepsy and excitatory synaptic transmission in mice
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Protein 4.1B, part of the evolutionarily conserved protein 4.1 family known for its role as cytoskeletal adaptors, is involved in the localization of NMDA receptors. However, its significance in epilepsy is not well understood. Considering the crucial role of the imbalance between synaptic excitation and inhibition in the development of epilepsy, we proposed that 4.1B might influence the progression of chronic epilepsy by affecting synaptic transmission. Our findings indicated a marked decrease...
The typical and atypical spectrum of subclinical rhythmic EEG discharges in adults and its electrical origin
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: The posterior cingulate/lingual gyrus were found to be the most common electrical sources using ESI. The possible association between hypoxia and SREDA may warrant further study.
Value-Based Care for Acute Pediatric Seizure Management: Operational Models, Quality Metrics, Barriers, and Financial Strategy
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Acute pediatric seizure care spans the emergency department, inpatient ward, intensive care unit, and early outpatient follow-up, and it shapes throughput, admission decisions, neurodiagnostic use, discharge reliability, and downstream utilization. The literature on value in pediatric neurology remains limited, and broad operational frameworks risk drifting toward speculation unless they are anchored to common, measurable clinical problems. Acute seizure care is the clearest current example; it...
The IMPACT epilepsy Consortium: Exploring social drivers of health in epilepsy care to advance solution based initiatives
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
RATIONALE: Social determinants of health (SDOH) are increasingly recognized as critical drivers of disparities in epilepsy care, yet systematic approaches to identifying and addressing social needs in clinical settings remain limited. The IMPACT Epilepsy Consortium conducted pilot surveys to characterize SDOH challenges faced by people with epilepsy (PwE) and the perspectives of clinicians who provide epilepsy care.
Validation of a focal seizure screening tool in Malaysia: A multicentre study
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: The three-item focal seizure screening tool is feasible, rapid to administer, and may assist general clinicians in classifying focal-onset seizures. Cut-off scores can be selected according to clinical priorities, namely, sensitive case-finding versus high-specificity confirmation.
Lacosamide versus brivaracetam as adjunctive therapy for drug-resistant focal epilepsy: A placebo-anchored indirect comparison and network meta-analysis
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: In adults with drug-resistant focal epilepsy, placebo-anchored indirect evidence did not show a clear difference in short-term efficacy between adjunctive LCM and BRV. Estimates for selected tolerability outcomes were imprecise and based on low-certainty, fully indirect evidence. These findings do not establish a definitive comparative advantage of either treatment, and direct comparative studies are needed.
Dynamic wavelet-based augmentation for enhanced EEG-based imagined speech classification
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Brain-computer interfaces allow direct communication between the brain and external devices. They have real potential for assistive technologies and neurorehabilitation. Among the various paradigms, imagined speech decoding aims to translate silent mental speech into actionable outputs. Electroencephalography is used for imagined speech decoding due to its non-invasive nature, high temporal resolution, portability, and affordability compared to other neuroimaging modalities. The noisy and...
The National Association of Epilepsy Centers Accreditation Criteria Should Include Care for People With Functional/Dissociative Seizures
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Health-Related Quality of Life and Family Impact Among Children with Epilepsy: The Role of Seizure Control
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: Sustained seizure control is associated with better overall HRQoL in children with epilepsy, particularly in social functioning, while other domains and family burden may persist beyond seizure status alone. These findings support integrated management strategies that address both seizure control and psychosocial well-being.
Response to "Between pregnancies: An educational window in women with epilepsy"
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Real-world effectiveness of cenobamate in drug-resistant and ultra-refractory epilepsy: A multicenter study
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the real-world effectiveness, safety, and treatment retention of cenobamate (CNB) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE), including ultra-refractory epilepsy (URE), high seizure burden, and extensive prior treatment history.
Clinical and imaging evolution of anti-GAD65-associated epilepsy: A clinical vignette
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Impedance changes in chronic vagus nerve stimulator implantation in epileptic dogs
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Computational modelling of the electrical fields generated by helical electrodes surrounding the vagus nerve suggested a current of 1.0 mA should depolarise enough axons to give a therapeutic effect in epilepsy. An assumption that fibrous tissue formation would form between the electrodes and the nerve in implantable vagus nerve stimulators (VNS) led to the recommendation that 1.5 mA should be used to account for the increased impedance this would cause. This increase in impedance has not been...
Correction: Seletracetam Revisited: A Missed Opportunity for Effective Epilepsy Therapy
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Exome sequencing of pashtun familial epilepsy in Pakistan reveals novel variants in LAMA5, KCNQ2 and GNAO1
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: This study expands the mutational and phenotypic spectrum of epilepsy-associated genes in a highly consanguineous population and highlights the efficiency of integrating genomic, clinical, and computational approaches for variant interpretation. The findings also suggest a potential recessive contribution of genes traditionally associated with dominant inheritance, warranting further functional validation.
Neural Foundations Supporting Prosocial Behaviors: A Scoping Review of EEG/ERP Evidence During Adolescence and Emerging Adulthood
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Adolescence is a particularly important period for prosocial development given the foundational changes that occur in social and reward neural systems. Despite the temporal and developmental advantages of electroencephalography (EEG), no studies have compiled and analyzed existing EEG evidence of adolescent prosocial development. The current scoping review characterized how EEG methods are being used to study the rapid neural processes that underlie prosocial behaviors in early, middle, and late...
A first in disease trial of the safety, tolerability, and anti-seizure effects of ES-481 in drug-resistant epilepsy
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVES: ES-481 is a novel potent and selective antagonist of TARP-y8-dependent AMPA receptors. We aimed to assess the potential efficacy, safety and tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of different doses of ES-481 as an add-on anti-seizure medication (ASM) in adults with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).
Familial SCN1A-Related Epilepsy in Palestinian Siblings: Challenges of Genetic Testing in Resource-Limited Settings: A Case Report
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
SCN1A-related epilepsy may present in siblings with febrile and afebrile seizures. In resource-limited settings, diagnosis relies heavily on clinical recognition and established criteria. Early identification and avoidance of sodium channel blockers are critical, while genetic testing, when available, supports diagnosis and family counseling.
Recurrent Seizure-Like Events in a Toddler With BMPR2-Related Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: This case illustrates how pulmonary arterial hypertension may mimic drug-resistant epilepsy. Rather than seizures, the patient's events were syncope resulting from decreased cerebral perfusion caused by low cardiac output. BMPR2 mutations are the most common genetic cause of heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension and are associated with earlier onset, more severe disease, and poor response to therapy compared to pulmonary arterial hypertension without BMPR2 mutations. To our...
Lower resting-state EEG mean eigenvector centrality is associated with higher math anxiety
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
This study aimed to investigate resting-state neural correlates of math anxiety in high school students using a graph-theoretical approach. Sixty 10th-grade students (35 females; mean age = 16.15 years) participated in the study. Resting-state EEG data were acquired using a 32-channel wireless dry-sensor system (Cognionics Quick-32 series). Math anxiety was assessed using the Abbreviated Math Anxiety Scale. Mean eigenvector centrality was significantly and negatively associated with math anxiety...
Investigation of stress hormones across multiday seizure cycles
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
It is well established that most people with epilepsy experience cyclical fluctuations in seizure susceptibility. These seizure patterns have been associated with multiday oscillations in cortical excitability and autonomic changes, although the mechanistic drivers of these cycles are not well understood. In this study, we measured stress hormone levels at seizure cycle peaks and troughs (high and low risk, respectively) to investigate stress hormones as a possible co-oscillator with multiday...
A multicenter retrospective analysis of canine idiopathic epilepsy in China
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: This study reveals a significant diagnostic gap in China, with 18.7% of cases exceeding a one-year delay to diagnosis, likely due to a shortage of specialists and owner-related factors. Optimizing clinical management should prioritize reducing this delay through enhanced practitioner and owner education, while reinforcing Phenobarbital as a highly effective (93.8% success rate) first-line monotherapy. Addressing these barriers could facilitate earlier intervention and improve...
Single-channel EEG captures tDCS-induced changes in neural reactivity: a pilot study in disorders of consciousness patients and healthy controls
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: These findings highlight the feasibility and potential value of integrating compact EEG systems with neuromodulation protocols to monitor neural reactivity in DoC patients, with the potential to inform and refine tDCS treatment strategies over time.
A Novel Gain-of-Function GLUL Variant Is Associated With Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy With Enlarged Perivascular Spaces
Thu, 18 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Two clinical phenotypes are associated with GLUL mutations, from different inheritance mode. Recessive forms are associated with congenital glutamine deficiency, manifesting with severe brain malformation, multiorgan failure, and early death. A dominant form has recently been described, which involves dysregulated glutamine synthetase stability and manifests as developmental and epileptic encephalopathy (DEE). All reported dominant mutations are within the start codon or the 5 ^(') UTR. Here, we...
A novel transformer architecture for EEG decoding and neuroscientific analysis
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Deep learning has significantly advanced brain-computer interface (BCI) technology. However, most deep learning models operate as black boxes, limiting their clinical applicability and scientific interpretability. This lack of transparency makes it difficult to determine whether predictions are driven by genuine neural activity or artifacts. To address this limitation, we propose Analformer, a novel Transformer-based architecture designed to achieve both high predictive performance and...
Fever seizures beyond the typical age: clinical characteristics and subsequent epilepsy risks in children over five
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: Febrile seizures occurring beyond the age of five may represent a clinically relevant subgroup. Although many children present with simple features and follow a favorable course, complex seizure characteristics and older age may be associated with an increased risk of subsequent epilepsy. Selected patients may therefore require careful clinical evaluation and follow-up.
Care process for severe epileptic seizures in the Community of Madrid: The Seizures Code
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: The Seizure Code is the first comprehensive model for urgent management of severe ESs implemented in a Spanish autonomous community. Its design promotes an early, homogeneous, and evidence-based response, with particular impact on the pediatric population. It enhances interhospital coordination and therapeutic adherence and is a dynamic tool that supports continuous evaluation and improvement of care quality in pediatric neurology.
Nocturnal tongue biting beyond epilepsy: sleep-related facio-mandibular myoclonus -a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
We present a case of sleep-related facio-mandibular myoclonus (FMM) in a man in the third decade of life with recurrent tongue-biting episodes during sleep onset. Video-polysomnography and video-electroencephalogram revealed myoclonic jaw jerks without epileptiform activity. The episodes were associated with stress and improved with clonazepam and non-pharmacological interventions. This case highlights sleep-related FMM as a rare, under-recognised cause of sleep-related tongue biting, distinct...
EEG Evidence of Decisions Under Social Influence and Ambiguity
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Conformity, the tendency to adapt behavior under social influence, is largely influenced by informational ambiguity and group pressure. While previous research has extensively examined these factors independently, their joint influence and underlying neural mechanisms remain poorly understood. This study employed a gender judgment task combined with electroencephalography to investigate how information ambiguity and group pressure interact to shape conformity. Participants (male and female) were...
Embedding EEG trajectories in a Mobius-like manifold: An exploratory study
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Time-frequency decompositions and nonlinear dynamical methods analyze electroencephalographic (EEG) signals as time series evolving in Euclidean state spaces. We explore an alternative representation of EEG dynamics in which neural activity evolves within a Möbius-like state space. While conventional amplitude-phase descriptions represent oscillatory activity within a cylindrical state space, we additionally consider that a shift of half an oscillatory cycle reverses the sign of the waveform,...
Severe neonatal epilepsy linked to a novel homozygous SLC12A5 Arg508Cys variant with impaired chloride transport
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
The potassium-chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) is a neuron-specific transporter essential for maintaining low intracellular chloride levels. By extruding chloride ions, KCC2 ensures that activation of GABA(A) receptors produces hyperpolarizing inhibitory responses rather than depolarizing responses. Disruption of KCC2 function can therefore impair GABAergic signaling and neuronal maturation, contributing to a range of neurodevelopmental and neurological disorders. Pathogenic biallelic variants in...
PPARalpha Activation with Fenofibrate Confers Hippocampal Neuroprotection but Lacks Disease-Modifying Efficacy in Chronic Temporal Lobe Epilepsy
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Activation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARα) suppresses neuroinflammation and may interrupt epileptogenesis. We tested whether early intervention with the PPARα agonist fenofibrate exerts disease-modifying effects in the chronic phase of the lithium-pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Male Wistar rats received fenofibrate (100 mg/kg, i.p., daily for 15 days) initiated 1 h after status epilepticus. Outcomes were assessed 1-3 months later. Fenofibrate...
Pre-infusion quantitative EEG features associated with delayed neurocognitive impairment following CAR T-cell therapy
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Immune effector cell-associated neurotoxicity syndrome (ICANS) is a frequent and potentially severe complication of chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy, reflecting complex interactions between the immune system and the central nervous system. Reliable baseline biomarkers capable of identifying patients at increased risk of late post-infusion neurological impairment within the first 10 days after CAR T-cell therapy remain limited. We conducted a prospective single-center study to...
Sex difference in the association of antiseizure medication load with cognitive decline in older people with epilepsy: A prospective study
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: The impact of cumulative ASM load with memory domain in older people with epilepsy shows sex differences. Older women, especially those with earlier onset, longer disease duration, and well-controlled seizures, may exhibit higher vulnerability to medication-related cognitive decline. Our findings suggest that cognitive function may warrant further consideration in the clinical management of older women with epilepsy receiving ASM.
Improving epilepsy knowledge, attitudes & practices among primary health care providers: findings from a pre-post intervention study in Central India
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: A structured, role-specific epilepsy training intervention was associated with statistically significant improvements in knowledge, attitudes, and practices within PHCPs in a resource-limited rural setting that remained evident at the one year follow-up suggesting retention of training-related gains over time when compared to baseline. Scaling up such culturally tailored training programs may contribute meaningfully to reducing stigma and narrowing the epilepsy treatment gap in...
What is the impact of stigma on the wellbeing of children with epilepsy?: A qualitative systematic literature review
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Epilepsy has long been a misunderstood condition that is subject to stigmatised views by society. This systematic review aimed to identify the impact of stigma upon the social, emotional and physical wellbeing of children with epilepsy. Four electronic databases (MEDLINE, PsychInfo, Web of Science Core Collection and ProQuest) were searched for qualitative studies including data about the impact of stigma on children with epilepsy up to July 2025. Studies were excluded if they were review...
An integrated calibration-uncertainty framework for improving the reliability of deep learning models for seizure detection in EEG signals
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: The proposed dual perspective framework improves model robustness by integrating global confidence calibration with local uncertainty estimation, representing a practical step toward reliable AI deployment in clinical neurophysiology.
The value of fast ripples in identifying extra-temporal epileptogenicity and predicting surgical outcomes in temporal plus epilepsy: A retrospective SEEG cohort study
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: When patients with TPE are categorized by the neuroanatomical distribution of the SOZ, interictal FRs co-localize with SOZ contacts and concentrate in the extra-temporal sub-regions (insula, orbitofrontal cortex) that define multilobar TPE. Inclusion of FR-rich extra-temporal sites in the tailored resection was associated with markedly improved postoperative seizure freedom. These findings support FRs as a clinically useful electrophysiological marker of extra-temporal...
Semaglutide and Risk of Adult-Onset Seizure: A Target Trial Emulation
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Adult-onset seizure reflects the burden of acquired brain insults, but established disease-modifying preventive strategies are limited. We evaluated whether semaglutide initiation is associated with a lower incidence of adult-onset seizure compared with sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) and other glucose-lowering drugs (GLDs) in adults with type 2 diabetes.
Slow-Wave Sleep Fragmentation in Disorders of Arousal and Sleep-Related Hypermotor Epilepsy: A Multicenter Polysomnographic Study
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Disorders of arousal (DOAs) and sleep-related hypermotor epilepsy (SHE) share overlapping clinical features, making differential diagnosis challenging. Although video polysomnography remains the gold standard, EEG patterns to distinguish these conditions are not yet well defined. Slow-wave sleep (SWS) fragmentation is a key marker of DOA, but its characteristics in SHE remain unexplored. The aim of this study was to assess SWS fragmentation in DOAs and SHE, its...
Task-Preserving EEG Anonymization Using Latent Feature Masking
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
This article presents time-dependent outputfeedback and state-feedback sampled-data control strategies for achieving both state and output reachability in permanent magnet synchronous generator-based wind turbine systems using a fuzzy approach. First, a nonlinear wind turbine model is represented as a set of fuzzy linear subsystems subject to bounded disturbances and parametric uncertainty. Unlike conventional sampled-data control schemes, a unified samplingtime- dependent fuzzy control...
Prognostic factors in vagus nerve stimulation for drug-resistant epilepsy. Results from a systematic review and meta-analysis of the literature
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
The aim of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating prognostic factors of response to treatment with VNS implantation in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy. We conducted a systematic review following the PRISMA 2020 guidelines to critically analyze relevant studies. The review question was formulated using the PICO framework: "In patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (P) undergoing VNS implantation (I) and subjected to preoperative and postoperative...
Alzheimer detection using multivariate decomposition of EEG signals and BDEO feature selection: with lobe-wise and overall feature analysis
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
In this paper, we propose a multivariate fast iterative filtering (MvFIF) decomposition algorithm, entropy-based features, and a nature-inspired feature selection approach for Alzheimer's disease (AD) detection using electroencephalogram (EEG) signals. Where, the MvFIF decomposes the multichannel EEG signals into multichannel intrinsic mode functions (MIMFs). The entropy features: dispersion entropy (DispEn) and distribution entropy (DistEn) are extracted from the MIMFs. Afterward, five...
Novel Variants in PLPBP, SCN1A, and SLC6A1: Genetics, Bioinformatics, and clinical Elucidation of Three Distinct Cases of Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Developmental and epileptic encephalopathies (DEEs) are severe early-onset disorders featuring refractory seizures, abnormal EEGs, and developmental delays. Clinically and etiologically heterogeneous, they include subtypes such as Dravet syndrome and EIMFS. An increasing number are recognized as etiology-specific, with distinct genetic causes corresponding to characteristic phenotypes, highlighting the need for thorough diagnostic evaluation. This study utilized a multidisciplinary diagnostic...
Spontaneous orienting of untrained companion dogs naive to human epilepsy toward odor samples from an unfamiliar human in a controlled non-social paradigm: a proof-of-concept
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Ictal odor may carry salience sufficient to influence initial attention in naïve dogs. However, findings are based on a single donor and require replication with multiple individuals to assess generalizability.
Psychosocial experiences are as important as medical factors in influencing the psychological functioning of children with epilepsy
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Epilepsy can profoundly influence children's psychological functioning, yet the contextual factors shaping this experience remain insufficiently understood. Using data from 104 children with epilepsy, their parents, homeroom teachers, and 1829 classmates, this study examined factors affecting children's psychological functioning. A range of diagnostic, psychological, and social variables were assessed, and structural equation modeling was used to analyze relationships. The results showed that...
Domain-aware domain-class adaptation network for motor execution to motor imagery EEG classification
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
INTRODUCTION: Motor imagery (MI) is one of the most widely used paradigms in electroencephalogram (EEG)-based brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). In recent years, deep learning and transfer learning techniques have been increasingly adopted to further improve MI-EEG decoding performance, thereby facilitating the practical deployment of BCIs. In transfer learning, the similarity between the source and target domains is a critical factor influencing its effectiveness. Given the analogous cortical...
Neuroprotective and Nitric Oxide-Modulating Effects of D-Limonene in a Penicillin-Induced Epilepsy Model in Rats
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: D-limonene reduced NO levels dose-dependently. VPA had a stronger inhibitory effect, whereas their combination attenuated this inhibition, suggesting that D-limonene may modulate NO metabolism and confer neuroprotection in experimental epilepsy.
Pulse-based photoplethysmography quality assessment improves wearable seizure detection performance
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVE: Wearable photoplethysmography (PPG) is increasingly used for seizure detection due to its ability to unobtrusively estimate heart rate (HR). However, the vulnerability of PPG to body movements often leads to unreliable HR estimates, compromising accurate seizure detection. Although this limitation is well recognized, methods for rejecting artifactual HR measures-and their impact on seizure detection performance-have not yet been studied.
How I treat pediatric febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Febrile infection-related epilepsy syndrome (FIRES) mainly affects previously healthy children and adolescents, often leading to severe neurological impairment and long-term sequelae such as drug-resistant epilepsy and cognitive dysfunction. Based on two pediatric FIRES cases, combined with international and domestic guidelines as well as clinical experience, this paper highlights therapeutic strategies and escalation pathways tailored to different inflammatory phases in the acute and chronic...
Dissociable effects of beta-tACS on spectral power and network organization for proximal versus distal upper-limb recovery in subacute stroke: double-blind, randomized, sham-controlled trial with high-density EEG
Wed, 17 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Within the present 10-session protocol, 20-Hz β-tACS over ipsilesional M1 paired with standardized rehabilitation was associated with clearer proximal than distal upper-limb benefits in subacute stroke. Its physiological signature was characterized by β-band target engagement together with reduced δ power and δ-band network organization. Whether longer treatment courses or higher cumulative doses would produce additional distal gains requires further study. Trial registration The...
Effects of pharmacological modulation of cortical excitability on resting-state EEG PAC in humans
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Electroencephalography (EEG) signal is driven by oscillations arising from the synchronized activity of cortical neuronal populations. Phase-amplitude coupling (PAC) refers to the interaction whereby the amplitude of higher-frequency oscillations is systematically modulated by the phase of slower rhythms. It has been suggested that the excitation/inhibition (E/I) balance, which is often disrupted in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, plays a critical role in shaping PAC, although...
Lipid-based Nano-delivery systems as a promising strategy for the treatment of epilepsy: Current status and challenges
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy is a prevalent chronic neurological disorder characterized by abnormal neuronal electrical activity. The primary treatment modality for individuals with epilepsy (PWE) is antiseizure medication (ASM). The multiple potential factors contributing to treatment resistance in epilepsy may be attributed to the inability of ASMs to traverse the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Consequently, it is imperative to identify a solution, and optimally, enhance ASM efficacy.
The intracellular domain of the epilepsy protein PCDH19 regulates spine density in cortical neurons in vivo via Xlr genes
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Mosaic mutations in the X-linked cell adhesion molecule Protocadherin 19 (PCDH19) lead to epilepsy with cognitive impairment, whereas complete absence of functional protein, although possibly linked to autistic features, does not elicit any seizures. It is believed that mosaic expression of PCDH19 leads to defective neuronal communication, but whether further roles beyond cell adhesion are critical for PCDH19 function in the cortex is currently unknown. We confirm that the proteolytic processing...
Temporal patterns of neurostimulation efficacy in drug-resistant epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVE: To systematically evaluate the temporal efficacy trajectories and relative performance of four neurostimulation modalities (open-loop Vagus Nerve Stimulation [ol-VNS], closed-loop VNS [cl-VNS], Deep Brain Stimulation [DBS], and Responsive Neurostimulation [RNS]) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy (DRE).
Explainable EEG-based prediction of depression therapy outcomes using local Fibonacci pattern analysis
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Depression treatment outcomes remain difficult to predict for selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) therapies, leading to trial-and-error treatment selection and delayed clinical benefit. This study develops an EEG-based prediction model using local Fibonacci pattern (LFP) features to classify treatment responders before therapy initiation. Pre-treatment EEG signals from the Mumtaz SSRI dataset and the Atieh Hospital rTMS datasets...
Patient reported outcome measures following group and individual therapy in a multidisciplinary functional/dissociative seizure program
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Functional/dissociative seizures (FDS) are frequently treated with one-to-one therapeutic interventions. However, data describing patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) following group-based therapy remain limited. This study evaluated changes in PROMs among a large cohort of individuals receiving virtual, group and individual therapy within a multidisciplinary FDS treatment program.
Comment on "Protective Role of CBD Against Nicotine Pouch-Induced Seizure Aggravation and Alterations in Brain Glymphatic Biomarkers"
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Epilepsy and Neurocognitive Profile in Dystrophinopathies: Insights from Caregiver Perspectives
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: Dystrophinopathies impose a major extramuscular burden beyond motor decline, including epilepsy, cognitive deficits, and psychosocial difficulties. Importantly, the caregiver perspective highlights underrecognized cognitive and behavioral challenges, as well as barriers to education, providing actionable insights to guide multidisciplinary follow-up. These findings emphasize the importance of early recognition and comprehensive care that integrates neurological, educational, and...
Continuous Electroencephalography During and After Convulsive Status Epilepticus: Scope, Significance, and Standards
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
We report a case of super-refractory convulsive status epilepticus managed in our intensive care unit. Although the outcome was ultimately fatal, we present serial continuous electroencephalography (EEG) recordings obtained throughout this short but severe illness. Using this case as a framework, we explore the nuances and complexities of interpreting continuous EEG findings and related electrographic phenomena. In particular, we highlight the indications for continuous EEG monitoring based on...
Processed EEG Monitoring During Pediatric Procedural Sedation: Correlation Between the Narcotrend Index and the Pediatric Sedation State Scale
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: The Narcotrend Index demonstrated an acceptable correlation with the Pediatric Sedation State Scale. Processed EEG monitoring using the Narcotrend Index may therefore represent a useful adjunct to clinical monitoring for avoiding both over-sedation and inadequate sedation in children, particularly for less experienced sedation providers.
Retraction of: Unravelling the neuroimmune nexus: insights into epilepsy pathology and the role of S100b protein in brain-gut axis modulation: a literature review
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
No abstract
Mindfulness meditation increases interictal epileptiform discharges in meditation-naive surgical epilepsy patients
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
OBJECTIVE: Meditation has widely recognized psychological and neuromodulatory benefits, yet its effects on epileptiform activity remain unclear. This study examined whether novice meditation modulates interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in patients with drug-resistant epilepsy using intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG).
Comparison of Electroconvulsive Therapy Seizure Outcomes When Using Methohexital Versus Propofol: A Brief Retrospective Report
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSIONS: While methohexital may initially enhance seizure quality, its decline in efficacy over time may compromise treatment efficiency. These findings suggest methohexital's initial seizure advantages may be offset by declining seizure duration across treatments and its downstream association with missed seizures. These findings may inform more efficient ECT anesthetic choices.
Multisystem Complications in Spinal Muscular Atrophy Type III: Chronic Respiratory Failure and Intractable Epilepsy
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a rare neuromuscular disorder characterized by progressive motor weakness with multisystem involvement. Type III SMA, also known as Kugelberg-Welander disease, typically presents in childhood and allows survival into adolescence and adulthood, during which cumulative complications may emerge. We report the case of a 19-year-old female patient with genetically confirmed SMA type III (zero copies of SMN1, two copies of SMN2) whose disease course was complicated by...
Explainable Temporal Deep Learning for EEG-Based Depression Detection Using Resting-State Brain Dynamics
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
CONCLUSION: The proposed framework provides an accurate and interpretable method for EEG-based depression detection, supporting applications in computational psychiatry and decision-support systems.
Semiological features of epilepsy seizures and paroxysmal non-epileptic events in children: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Tue, 16 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
AIM: To systematically review evidence on age-specific semiological features of paediatric paroxysmal events assessed by video-electroencephalography (EEG) monitoring, and to identify key features that might help differentiate epileptic from non-epileptic events during clinical assessment of paediatric patients.
Patient-independent hybrid generative-discriminative modeling for seizure detection in long-term scalp EEG
Mon, 15 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Automated seizure detection from long-term scalp electroencephalography (EEG) remains challenging because seizure windows are sparse, channel configurations vary across patients, and clinically useful systems must maintain strict control of false alarms. This study presents a patient-independent hybrid generative-discriminative framework evaluated on the CHB-MIT cohort under leave-one-patient-out cross-validation. In each outer fold, one patient was reserved exclusively for final testing,...
Explainable EEG-based machine learning for early diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease and frontotemporal dementia
Mon, 15 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
The quick and accurate diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Frontotemporal Dementia (FTD) is a significant and unresolved challenge in clinical neurology, with early identification being crucial for prompt intervention and disease management. This study presents AutoSSM-ICA-EEG, an automated and interpretable framework that incorporates Fast Independent Component Analysis (FastICA) for artifact removal and relevant feature extraction, few-shot AutoML for efficient hyperparameter...
Impact of sky view factor on multimodal physiological responses: integrating EEG, heart rate, and thermal sensation in urban landscapes
Mon, 15 Jun 2026 06:00:00 -0400
Traditional thermal comfort models often fail to capture the dynamic neurophysiological complexity of outdoor human perception. This study introduces a neurophysiological approach to investigate how Sky View Factor (SVF) modulates human comfort. A controlled indoor-outdoor protocol was implemented, transitioning participants from a neutral baseline to a stressor before exposure to varying SVF gradients. High-precision EEG, HRV, and skin temperature data were synchronously analyzed. Our primary...